Most people mostly medium and older and older face back pain in the back of their backs, and men and women suffer evenly.Pain can occur after physical activity, hypothermia, raising and maintaining severity or due to a long stay in a stationary position."Enter your back," the back pain in the lower back is characterized.
Reason
It should be noted that the pain of different intensities is mainly experienced by people of active age, who are not more than 60 years old.This is explained by the constant work of the muscles that support the spine and its natural curves.Since a person is most often in a straight position, the muscles almost do not rest.
The weakness of the lumbar region is due to the presence of its weaknesses: the bird's triangle and the quadrilateral (rhombus) the Grunfeld-lesgaft.The bird triangle has a soft layer of muscle and is a small gap between the terminal edges of the wide and outer oblique muscle.Rhombus grunfeld-lesgft does not close the oblique abdominal muscles at the top, is poorly fortified, and therefore undergoes the formation of lumbar hernia.
The lumbar muscle is the deepest in the body.It affects flexibility, strength, amplitude of movements and joint mobility, work of internal organs.This muscle is responsible for maintaining a person's vertical position and takes an active part in raising the legs when walking.
Proper functioning of the lumbar muscle provides support for the entire upper body and forms a platform for the internal organs of the abdominal cavity.With frequent decreases due to stress or overvoltage, this muscle begins to trim, which can lead to back pain, compression of nerve endings, deformation of vertebrae and develop degenerative processes in the joints.Chronic spasm of the lumbar muscle greatly adversely affects the behavior, respiratory depth and condition of the vital organs.
Back pain as a symptom
The lower back may damage due to problems with the spine or against the backdrop of systemic diseases.Some forms of pain syndrome are clinically distinguished: local, projection, reflected, reign (radicular) and due to muscle spasm.
Local pain syndrome in the lumbar region is constant, its intensity depends on the position of the body.Moreover, the pain is improved by the movements and palpation of a particular area.With this form of pain, body mobility and lower extremities can be limited.
Projection pain syndrome is due to damage to vertebrates and preverstebral (perporeosis) structures.It can be spilled or local and occurring due to compression of nerve endings, which transmit signals to the respective brain area.Pain sensations have spread along the affected nerve and increase with curves and slopes of the body.During hard work or physical exercise, pulsating pain is observed, the origin of which is associated with a axial load on the spinal column.
Rooser's pain syndrome is startling and pronounced intensity: patients mean when they say the back was "caught".The pain is so sharp that a person cannot be directed and is often forced to stay in the position in which he was overcome by a roying fire.
In the absence of movements, Roying pain syndrome also does not pass and acquires a painful character.However, efforts to move are accompanied by stronger cramps and sharp, burnt bastards.In the vast majority of cases, it shoots not only at the bottom of the back, but across the foot on the ankle.The distinctive characteristics of radicular pain are its strengthening when it returns to one side, the tendencies and the raising of the right legs from the stretch position.
Reflected pain syndrome indicates lesion of the internal organs.This is due to the fact that the lumbar spine and tissue near the pathological focus are internal from the same nerve.Since the pain goes from the inner part of the body to the surface of the back, the pain is unclear, unclear, remains during movements and does not intensify when pressed.
Pain in the lower back can be acute and chronic.If this symptom concerns no more than three months, they talk about acute form.If during this time the damaged tissue is not reset, they enter the chronic category.
ClaSSIFICaTION
Lower back pain is classified according to the mechanism of the occurrence and can be nociceptive, neuropathic and psychogenic.The nociceptive type occurs with irritation of the pain receptors - the nociceptors and is due to tissue damage due to mechanical trauma or local inflammation (stretch, bruis).
A hernia is one of the consequences of osteochondrosis, it is manifested by an extension of the intervertebral disc between vertebrae bodies.
Neuropathic pain accompany the tip of the nerve roots of the intervertebral hernia.They are distinguished by radiation (return) to the lower limbs and combined with numbness and some restrictions of movements.Such pain does not pass on its own and is usually chronic.
A psychogenic type is a rare phenomenon, the cause of which can be a traumatic situation or violation of the functioning of the nervous system.
This classification is conditional, as the pain most commonly cause all three types to one degree or another.To determine the pain, doctors use several terms: lumbago, lumbalia and lumbar -algia.
Lumbago is a sudden pain attack, the onset of which patients describe as "trench", "push" and compare it with a lightning stroke or electric current.Lumbalgia begins gradually and is characterized by hurting pain mainly at the bottom of the lower back, at the bottom of the spine.
In Lumbalia, the back does not constantly hurt, the pain arises after a long stay in a stationary or sloping position of the body.It is difficult for patients to bend and perform even such simple actions as washing, tooth washing or ironing.They are looking for the most lucrative position in order to reduce lumbar muscle tension and relieve their condition.
Lumbosicishialgia is a pain syndrome, covering the lower back area, buttocks and the back of one or two legs.It intensifies in any movement, including coughing or sneezing.
Potential pathology
Most often, the lower back hurts due to muscle overlap, especially with very intense exercise or unusual physical work.In this case, the kaula provocateur is the rupture of the connecting fibers at the places of muscle attachment.
Among the pathologies that cause this symptom, it should be noted:
- Intervertebral hernia.The main signs are a sharp pain that suddenly appears, a feeling of stiffness, possession in the back, weakness in the lower extremities;
- Spine compression fracture.Occurs during damage, osteoporosis and tumors;
- Horse tail syndrome.This symptom complex is due to the compression of a massive nerve beam located between the first lumbar vertebra and coccyx.It is manifested by severe pain in the right or left at the back, waist level and below.Pain syndrome radiates to one or both limbs and inguinal area.The progression of the disease leads to a violation of touching sensitivity and pronounced weakness in the legs.In the absence of treatment, severe complications develop to disability;
- Acute abdominal aortic aneurysm.Pain and aggravation in the lower back is often the only sign of this condition.It is most often diagnosed in older people suffering from atherosclerosis and complain of a piercing nature of night pain;
- Infectious lesions.Dulling and dull pain in the lower spine of the back provoke chronic bacterial skin infections, urogenital and respiratory systems, impaired immune system, taking hormone medication.In addition to pain, discomfort in the abdominal and inguinal areas is felt after the sternum;
- neoplasm.Pain worries both day and night, gradually intensifying.As a rule, there is a sharp loss in weight for no apparent reason.Tumors are most commonly diagnosed in people over 50 years old with anamnesis oncological disease.
With gastrointestinal tract pathology, surrounding pain can occur.The feeling that attracts the lower back is often associated with gynecological diseases.Congenital skeletal defects and metabolic disorders can also be the cause of back pain.
Attention:If the lower back is severely ill, and the pain is painful, unbearable, we can assume a deterioration of urolithiasis, when the stone formed moves along the urinary tract.
Treatment
Treatment of lumbar pain of any origin is one of the most complex medical areas.All modern studies on this topic have been said about one thing: acute back pain and lower extremities should be eliminated as soon as possible.If you do not anesthesia in time and allow the chronicle of pain syndrome, then the prerequisites for the development of psychogenic disorders will be created.Bushing by clinical symptoms, they will slow down the therapeutic process and weaken its result.Therefore, first of all, the pain is removed regardless of their intensity.
To get rid of the pain, non -steroidal and analgesic anti -inflammatory agents are needed.In severe cases, when a person is too painful to walk and the lower back is widely broken, therapeutic blockages are used.
Analgesic drugs are weak, moderate and powerful.The latter allow you to relieve pain quickly, but have many side effects.Their use is justified in case of severe damage to the intervertebral discs and compression of nerve endings.
Modern pharmacology offers therapeutic plaster with different ingredients - anti -inflammatory, heating, chondroprotective and plant dietary supplements.
If the pain is characterized as a weak or moderate, the followed doctor prescribes analgesics.In the event of damage to the structures for 1 -This, non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs with a triple effect are most often used.They not only stop the pain syndrome, but also suppress inflammation, reduce body temperature.
NSAIDs are used in tablets or injections, as well as in the form of ointments or gels.
Good results are shown by the use of plaster.Vitamins B, which doctors prescribe in injections or tablets, help to cure back pain.
Muscle jumps often provoke severe pain syndrome, from which muscle relaxants help well.Severe pain and pulsation caused by inflammation are stopped by hormonal drugs.
The therapeutic blockade
Sometimes the only medicine for eliminating pain is therapeutic blockade.Through injection, one of the pathological chain connections is turned off, as a result of which the pain impulse does not reach the back, legs and internal organs.Blocks can be used for diagnostic purposes to set a real cause of pain.
After injection, the pain develops within minutes, the procedure itself resembles catching a puncture.Indications for his behavior are as follows:
- osteochondrosis and its complications - the extension and hernia of the disc;
- myosite;
- Neuralgia;
- Spondillartrosis (calcification of vertebral joints).
Attention:The blocks are performed only in sterile hospital conditions.This is due to the fact that the spinal cord is susceptible to the penetration of various pathogenic microorganisms.When infected with the virus, death is not excluded.
Therapeutic blockades are performed no more than four times a year, if necessary, a course of 10 injections or more can be prescribed.Among them, a 5-7-day break is needed.Blocking injection solutions contain several ingredients, the main ones are pain sedatives.To relieve inflammation, corticosteroids are added to them.The composition for injections can also include vitamins, thrombolitics and enzymes.To normalize neuropular transmission, ATP is introduced into the solution.
Physics
What to do after removing acute symptoms depends on the type and severity of the disease.Patients may be prescribed massage, exercise therapy and physiotherapy.
With pain in the lumbar region, the most effective:
- electrophoresis with special medicines;
- muddy therapeutic wrappers;
- paraffin and ozokeritic applications;
- Terpentine and pearl baths;
- amplululsterrarapy;
- electrical muscle stimulation;
- acupuncture.
To stabilize vertebrae and reduce load on the lower back muscles, doctors recommend using orthopedic lane.They are especially effective in chronic pain caused by vertebrate damage.Using applicants allows you to accelerate recovery.
The positive impact of such products is as follows:
- eliminated or significantly reduced by pain;
- The condition of the nervous system is normalized;
- Life tone and increase in performance;
- Metabolic processes in the body are accelerated;
- Sparaned muscles relax.
Therapeutic exercises can only be done during the period of remission, with a minimum or complete lack of pain.Strong muscle corset is an excellent prevention of most diseases of the muscular system.
Attention:High energy loads, sharp curves of the body, jumps, feet and swinging of the legs are prohibited.
Thus, back pain is a signal of disadvantage in the spinal column or internal organs.To prevent chronic pathological process and prevent possible complications, it is necessary to consult a specialist.